Harm Reduction: Needle Exchange

HARM REDUCTION : NEEDLE EXCHANGEIntroductionNeedle transposition programs atomic number 18 congruous with a mis spend reduction approach to intravenous treat use management . Intravenous medicine use is prudent for the spread of infectious diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV , hepatitis B and hepatitis C . A whatsoeverwhat divisive favorable policy chevy supplant programs are intended to earmark the spread of infectious diseases by supplying the medicate injecting solid ground with sterile hassles and injecting equipment . This takes a f behaveual approach to the issue and considers the platter that supports and opposes the abuse reduction approach . It should be noted that this considers entirely chivvy exchange programs and not the highly controversial of ponderous injecting rooms . The concludes by offering a personal toy of the issue , based on the evidence presentedPros of needle exchange programsReducing the spread of infectious diseaseInfectious diseases including HIV and hepatitis are prevalent in intravenous medicate substance abusers because of high risk injecting pr figureices including sharing needles and administering injections in an unsterile environment . The Center for Disease Control (CDC , the National add to loafher of Health (NIH ) and the World Health Organization (WHO endorse needle exchange programs because they have been shown to reduce high risk injecting behaviors by up to 74 (World Health Organization 2004 . The reduction in high risk injection behaviors as a stature of needle exchange programs is the bargainer reason that in Australia mingled with 1991 and 2000 , well-nigh 25 ,000 impertinent cases of HIV and 21 ,000 bare-ass cases of hepatitis C were prevented (Dolan , MacDonald , Silins Topp , 2005 . Such significant public wellness benefits are the principal reason ! needle exchange programs are back up by governments in countries including Australia , Brazil , Canada , the Netherlands and the United KingdomProviding access to health and neighborly servicesA second advantage of needle exchange programs is that they act as gateways to traditional medical treatments for drug dependence for some clients .

Prior to participating in needle exchange programs , a high proportion of drug-injecting clients have never been in play with health or companionable services . Studies have shown that virgin injectors are more likely to enter rehabilitation programs compared to injectors whose drug use has been long-term (Hacker et al , 2005 . Providing exposure to health and societal services early in an intravenous drug user s substance abuse history is another linchpin in the argument for needle exchange programsArguments against harm minimisationEncouraging drug useDetractors of the harm reduction approach argue that needle exchange programs and facilities actively promote drug use by providing drug injecting equipment . It is as well argued that needle exchange facilities create a riskless clash spot for intravenous drug users and contribute to alter the social net incomes of users , thereby increasing the prevalence of intravenous drug use (Small , Palepu Tyndall , 2006 . The weight of scientific evidence suggests that these arguments are fallacious and that needle exchange programs do not encourage social network formation and do not development recruitment of injecting drug users (Dolan , MacDonald , Silins Topp , 2005Represent a weakening of anti-d rug policy...If you want to get a extensive essay, o! rder it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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